The Fair Work Agency: what it can ask employers for
Written 30 August 2026 · about a 6 minute read
There is no shortage of articles explaining what the Fair Work Agency is. There are very few that answer the question an operator actually has, which is what it will ask you to hand over, and whether you could hand it over this week. This is that list, taken from the agency’s own enforcement policy statement rather than from other people’s summaries of it.
Not legal advice. We build workforce software. Everything below links to the primary source. Where published summaries disagree with each other — and on one significant number they do — this page says so rather than picking one.
What it is
The Fair Work Agency was established on 7 April 2026 as an executive agency of the Department for Business and Trade, acting on behalf of the Secretary of State. It consolidates enforcement functions that previously sat with separate bodies — including national minimum wage enforcement, employment agency standards, and gangmasters and labour abuse enforcement — into one place.
The practical change is not that new rules arrived. It is that a single body now holds the powers, and that its remit is expanding on a schedule rather than being fixed.
What it can require you to do
Per the Fair Work Agency enforcement policy statement, its officers may:
- Require attendance at a specified time and place to answer questions.
- Demand specified information or documents by a specified date.
- Carry out site visits — generally arranged consensually and in advance, but unannounced where necessary.
On entry: officers may enter with consent, or obtain a warrant where one is needed, and follow the government’s Code of Practice on Powers of Entry. A warrant is required to enter a dwelling without consent — worth knowing if your registered office is somebody’s house, which for a great many small operators it is.
The penalty, and the number most articles get wrong
Where it finds underpayment, the agency can issue a Notice of Underpayment. The penalty is:
| Element | Amount |
|---|---|
| Penalty | 200% of the total underpayment across all workers named in the notice |
| Minimum | £100 where the calculated amount would be less |
| Maximum | £20,000 per worker |
| Prompt payment | Penalty reduced by 50% if the unpaid wages and half the penalty are paid in full within 14 days |
Read that last row carefully
The gov.uk statement says the penalty is reduced by 50% — so a 200% penalty becomes 100%. Several published summaries, including some from firms selling compliance services, say it reduces to 50%. Those are very different numbers: on a £10,000 underpayment it is the difference between a £10,000 penalty and a £5,000 one.
We have gone with the wording in the agency’s own policy statement. If you are budgeting for an actual notice, read the statement yourself and take advice — do not take the figure from us either.
Because the penalty is a multiple of the underpayment rather than a flat fine, the exposure scales with how long something went unnoticed and how many people it touched. A small error in how one allowance is treated, repeated across forty staff for two years, is not a small number.
What that looks like on real numbers
Suppose an allowance was wrongly excluded from holiday pay, costing twelve staff an average of £340 each over eighteen months. The underpayment is £4,080. The penalty is 200% of that — £8,160 — on top of repaying the £4,080 itself. Settle the wages and half the penalty within fourteen days and the penalty halves to £4,080, so the total lands near £8,160 rather than £12,240.
The per-worker cap of £20,000 rarely binds in a case like that; it binds when one individual has been underpaid heavily over a long period. The thing that drives the number for most employers is not severity but duration multiplied by headcount, and both of those grow quietly while nobody is looking.
What it will actually ask you to produce
The powers are about documents. So the useful question is which documents. Expect:
- Payroll records — what was paid, to whom, when, and the calculation behind it.
- Hours worked — the actual record, not the roster. What was scheduled and what happened are different things, and the pay follows the second one. See rest breaks and the Working Time Regulations for what the two-year records duty covers.
- Holiday entitlement and pay records — kept for six years since 6 April 2026, and a criminal offence not to. See what UK law requires you to record.
- Right to work evidence.
- Contracts and written statements of particulars.
Notice what these have in common. They are all records that are easy to produce for the current month and progressively harder the further back you go, which is the opposite of how an investigation looks at them.
What is in scope now, and what is not
The agency’s remit was deliberately limited at launch and is widening in stages. Minimum wage sits firmly in scope. Reporting indicates holiday rules come into scope during 2027, with statutory sick pay to follow on timing still to be confirmed.
Two things follow, and they pull in opposite directions, so hold both:
- It would be wrong to assume everything is enforceable by the agency today. It is not.
- It would be equally wrong to treat that as breathing room. The holiday record-keeping duty commenced on 6 April 2026 and the offence exists now. And records have a six-year memory: the ones an inspection looks at in 2028 are the ones you are keeping, or failing to keep, this year.
One thing we could not verify
Several reputable summaries state that the agency can bring employment tribunal proceedings on a worker’s behalf, which would be a significant change — a claim would no longer depend on an individual being willing to bring it. The gov.uk enforcement policy statement does not describe that power, and we could not confirm from a primary source whether it exists, is in force, or is yet to be commenced.
So we are not asserting it. If you are relying on the point either way, check it with an employment solicitor. We would rather leave a gap here than fill it confidently and wrongly.
What to do this quarter
- Establish whether you could produce six years of holiday records today, for a named employee, without asking anyone to remember anything.
- Check that recorded hours reflect what was worked, not what was rostered.
- Find out where records from any previous payroll or rota system live, and whether anyone can still open them.
- Identify who in your business would field a request for documents by a specified date, and whether they know where everything is.
None of that is a software purchase. It is an audit, and most operators who do it honestly find at least one gap in the first hour.
The reason to do it now rather than when enforcement widens is simple arithmetic. A Notice of Underpayment can look back years, and records have a six-year memory. Whatever an inspection examines in 2028, you are creating it — or failing to create it — this month. There is no version of this where starting later is cheaper.
Sources
- Fair Work Agency enforcement policy statement — gov.uk
- Employment Rights Act 2025 — legislation.gov.uk
- Employment Rights Act 2025 — Acas
Found something here that is out of date or wrong? Tell us at info@opsicle.co.uk and we will fix it and say so.